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Number of Lost Architectural Monuments in the Regions of Ukraine

No in order Region Lost architectural monuments Architectural monuments of national significance Loss factor %
I. Middle Dnipro region and the Northern Right-Bank
1 Kyiv 35 390 8,97
2 Kyiv oblast 13 91 14,28
3 Chernihiv oblast 76 171 44,44
4 Poltava oblast 40 62 64,51
4 Cherkasy oblast 9 56 16,07
Total: 173 770 22,47
II. Slobozhanshchyna region
6 Kharkiv oblast 30 73 41,09
7 Sumy oblast 75 127 59,05
8 Luhansk oblast 5 25 12
9 Donetsk oblast 1 13 7,7
Total: 109 238 45,8
III. Podilia
10 Vinnytsia oblast 6 167 3,6
11 Khmelnytsky oblast 17 230 7,39
12 Ternopil oblast 4 180 2,22
Total: 19 373 5,09
IV. Volyn
13 Volyn oblast 7 200 3,5
14 Rivne oblast 7 109 6,42
15 Zhytomyr oblast 5 64 7,81
Total: 19 373 5,09
V. Galicia, Transcarpathia, Bukovyna
16 L'viv oblast 12 794 1,51
17 Ivano-Frankivsk oblast 7 149 4,7
18 Zakarpattia oblast 35 137 25,55
19 Chernivtsi oblast 2 112 1,78
Total: 56 1192 4,7
VI. The South
20 Odesa oblast 1 72 1,39
21 Mykolaiv oblast 1 14 7,14
22 Kherson oblast 1 32 3,12
23 Kirovohrad oblast 1 17 5,88
24 Dnipropetrovsk oblast 4 35 11,43
25 Zaporizhia oblast 1 5 20
26 Crimea 3 216 1,39
Total: 12 391 6,07
Grand total: 396 3541 11,18

Periodization of Losses of Architectural Monuments of Ukraine

Before World War I (to 1914) During World War I (1914-1918) Interwar period (1919-1940) During World War II (1941-1945) Postwar period (1946-1989) Independent Ukraine (1990-2001)
Number of destroyed architectural monuments 60 7 251 18 48 12
Percentages of the total number 15,15% 1,77% 63,38% 4,55% 12,12% 3,03%
Total: 396 monuments = 100%

This table leads to another very dismal conclusion: during the 10 years of Ukraine's independence more architectural monuments (not simply buildings but architectural monuments listed in state registries and under state protection) were lost than during World War I and only a few less than in the period of World War II. The number of losses in various chronological periods is illustrated in the diagram below (Table 3). We have been able to determine the principal causes of the losses of various architectural monuments, which are noted in chapter entitled "The Lost Architectural Heritage" They are:
1 - Utilitarian causes
2 - Wars and revolutions
3 - Natural disasters (primarily fires)
4 - Politically motivated causes: a state policy of destroying architectural monuments
5 - Low level of culture displayed by the local leadership and the population, leading to the "unconscious vandalism".

The results of our estimates based on this group of parameters are shown below in Table 4, which also indicates both absolute and relative meanings in percentages of the total number of lost monuments. It should be noted that this data is tentative, as the exact cause of every case involving a destroyed architectural monument is not known.



The specific weight of each group of causes for total losses of architectural monuments is shown in diagram 1. Table 4 and the diagram indicate that the highest number of losses of Ukrainian architectural monuments stammed from Communist policies aimed at the destruction of the cultural heritage of the Ukrainian people/ Nearly two-thirds of all losses are attributed to this cause. The second most important group of causes behind the loss of approximately 20 percent of Ukrainian architectural monuments is of a utilitarian, i.e., mostly economic, nature. The proportion of losses due to wartime destruction and damage due to various natural disasters, mostly fires, is unexpectedly low. Included in this category are "natural" fires only, not arosen attacks on wooden churches, which were carried out either on orders from Communist party organs during the 1960s-1980s or were the result of an inter-confessional struggle. Indeed, it is difficult to include "inter-confessional arson" in any of the above-mentioned groups of causes, but they are most similar to the last group, i.e., the low level of culture of both the local leadership and the population.


Causes of the Loss of Architectural Monuments

Utilitarian causes Wars and revolutions Natural disasters State policy of destroying historical monuments Low level of culture
Number of destroyed architectural monuments 74 32 15 256 17
In percentages of the total number 18,7% 8,09% 3,79% 64,65% 4,29%
Total: 396 monuments = 100%

Specific weight of each group of causes for total losses of architectural monuments


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